In the last lesson, we made a claim about temperature and particle motion after observing that hot particles move faster than slower ones. In this lesson, we will begin to focus on gaseous particles by exploring the effect that temperature has on a volume of gas.

Watch both videos below and then answer the questions that follow.

The simulation below shows gas particles inside a container with a moveable lid.

Begin the simulation by hitting "setup" and then “go/stop”. Observe the gas particles as they move around the inside of the container. You have control over the temperature inside the container which can be adjusted by moving the slider bar labeled "gas-temperature".

As soon as you feel comfortable with the functionality of the simulation, move on to answer the questions below.

Now you will acquire data and create a graph using the same simulation integrated with an online data analysis platform called CODAP. Below, you will see a CODAP workbench. CODAP will allow us to visualize our data immediately upon entering it into the platform.

Let's begin with familiarizing ourselves with the CODAP environment:

1. The platform is below these instructions. Notice the starting volume at room temperature of 23°C has been entered for you.
2. Adjust the slider bar labeled "gas-temperature" to a temperature other than the starting temperature.
3. Begin the simulation by hitting "setup" and then “go/stop”.
4. Allow the simulation to run for 100 ticks before pressing the "record-data" button. Notice that your data will appear in both the data table as well as create a data point on the graph at right.
5. Record volume measurements at 3 additional temperatures (for a total of 4 temperatures as 23°C has been entered for you), waiting 100 ticks after changing the temperature to click "record-data" (one should be the minimum temperature and one should be the maximum temperature on the gas temperature slider bar).
6. Observe the resulting plot. Then answer the questions below the CODAP workbench.

You created a graph of volume versus temperature on the previous page. We are going to use that graph to determine the relationship between volume and temperature. First we will go over the different types of data relationships.

If you observe your independent variable increasing as your dependent variable increases (or if one variable decreases as the other decreases) your variables are said to have a direct relationship. A graph of two variables (A and B) with a direct relationship is shown below.

If you observe your independent variable increasing as your dependent variable decreases (or if the independent variable decreases as the dependent variable increases) your variables are said to have a inverse relationship. A graph of two variables (A and B) with an inverse relationship is shown below.

In lesson 2, we concluded that hot particles move faster than colder ones. We reviewed a model of that movement shown below:

This model shows faster moving particles drawn with longer arrows than those that are moving more slowly.

Use this same convention of shorter arrow = colder particles, and longer arrow = hotter particles to complete the model below.